FIVE TENETS OF RADICAL FEMINISM
The root of male domination in human society is biological and has developed historically into an assertion of male control over females' different biological reproductive and sexual capacities. The ancient system of the sexual division of labor has degenerated into a socially-constructed hierarchical gender system.
2. TWO SEX CLASSES
All men and only men, irrespective of other social locations, belong to the oppressive benefiting class under male domination; all women and only women, irrespective of other social locations, belong to the oppressed class, though not all individuals are directly affected.
3. UNIVERSALITY
Male domination is global with universal characteristics and institutions that control local variances.
4. MALE VIOLENCE
Male violence against females is a global emergency and ending it is the first priority of feminism.
5. TRANSFORMATION
Global male domination is integral to oppressive economic systems; when it falls, local and global socioeconomic systems and cultures will necessarily be transformed, not just reformed.
FIVE FEATURES OF GLOBAL MALE DOMINATION
6. EXCLUSION OF WOMEN
From Culture, Governance, and the Public Sphere; Male Bias in Science, Literature, Religion, History
7. ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE
Achieved through Exclusion from Inheritance, Exclusion from Accumulation, Employment Discrimination, Exclusion from Land Ownership, Unpaid Production, and Coercion
8. EXCHANGE OF WOMEN
For Sexual Access and Reproduction, achieved through Marriage, Prostitution, Slavery, Pornography, Rape, and Denial of Birth Control including Abortion
9. COERCION
Including Female Genital Mutilation, Purdah, Rape, Forced Veiling, Honor Killing, Stratified Gender Roles, Sexist Socialization, Domestic Violence, Marital Rape, Street Harassment, Social Custom, Impoverishment, Imprisonment, Coerced Consent, and Physical Force
10. IDEOLOGY
Including Promotion of Misogynistic Prejudice, Patriarchal Religions, and Cultural Myths Naturalizing Male Domination; and Ideologies of Biological Inferiority, Biological Determinism, Anti-Scientism, Social Constructionism, Femininity, Postmodernism, and Transgenderism
FIVE INALIENABLE RIGHTS OF WOMEN
11. RIGHT TO BODILY INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY
Freedom from male violence; reproductive freedom, including birth control and abortion; freedom from coerced sexual access, including economic and parental duress; freedom from physical mutilation; criminalization of commercial use of the female body as an object, as in prostitution, pornography, and surrogacy; freedom to speak, travel and work in the public sphere
12. RIGHT TO CHOOSE MATES FREELY
Freedom from heterosexual compulsion, freedom from forced and child marriage; abolishment of dowry and bride-price; freedom from State, religious, and parental duress in mate-choice; freedom of divorce; abolishment of legal distinctions between married and single people;universal criminalization of marital rape; abolishment of prostitution and pornography using women's bodies as objects
13. RIGHT TO REFUSE UNPAID LABOR
13. RIGHT TO REFUSE UNPAID LABOR
Freedom to refuse uncompensated domestic, emotional, social, reproductive, and other labor; freedom not to marry; freedom of divorce; equal opportunity and compensation for waged labor
14. RIGHT TO CULTURAL EXPRESSION, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS A CLASS
Right to proportionate representation in the arts, history texts, science, law, medicine, fishing, agriculture, technology, business, commerce, and all other activities of culture; abolishment of gender roles tending to lead to women's exclusion from the public sphere
15. RIGHT TO PROPORTIONATE REPRESENTATION AT ALL LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE
Abolishment of laws and customs tending to lead to women's exclusion from governance; 50% sex parity requirement at all levels of government, constitutionally guaranteed.
FIVE THEORIES FROM EVOLUTIONARY FEMINISM
15. RIGHT TO PROPORTIONATE REPRESENTATION AT ALL LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE
Abolishment of laws and customs tending to lead to women's exclusion from governance; 50% sex parity requirement at all levels of government, constitutionally guaranteed.
FIVE THEORIES FROM EVOLUTIONARY FEMINISM
16. DARWIN'S THEORY OF SEXUAL SELECTION
Innate Drives for Food and Sex, Sexual Dimorphism, Male Competition and Display, Female Mate Selectivity, Appropriation of Female Mate Choice
17. FISHERIAN RUNAWAY THEORY
Hypertrophy, Maladaption, Environmental Factors leading to Male Domination
18. THEORY OF THE OBSTETRICAL DILEMMA
Evolution of the Female Pelvis, Brain Encephalization, Cryptic Female Resistance, Maternal Mortality, Male Pressure for Sexual Access
19. THEORIES OF THE SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOR
Hunting and Foraging, Female Care of Infants, Male Primate Infanticide, Meat and Provisioning, Weapons; Impacts of Pastoralization, Agriculture, Horticulture
20. THEORY OF CULTURE AS A MALE EVOLUTIONARY STRATEGY
Culture as a Vehicle for Appropriation of Female Mate-Choice and general Subjugation; the Arts, Economics, Patrilinearity, War, Social Stratification, Religious Ideology, Myth, History as Artifacts of Male Reproduction Strategies; Female Exclusion and Deprivation of Female Cultural Expression
FIVE THEORIES FROM MARXIST FEMINISM
21. THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY
FIVE THEORIES FROM MARXIST FEMINISM
21. THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY
Base and Superstructure, Materialism vs. Idealism; Class Hierarchies; Intertwining of Capitalism and Male Domination
22. HISTORY
Methods of Historical and Dialectical Materialism; Organicism, Teleology, and Essentialism; Changing Modes of Production; Engels' Essay on Origins
23. CAPITALISM
Production and Reproduction; Alienation; Primitive Accumulation; Exchange and Use Labor; Exploitation of Natural Resources; Dual Systems Theory; Unpaid Labor of Women
24. OPPRESSION
Secondary vs. Primary Contradictions; Women and Class; Exploitation; Marriage; Religion; Prostitution
25. REVOLUTION
Necessity for favorable Material Conditions to Arise; Revisionism; Collective Class Movements
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